Vietnam

Top10VPN mapping of 6.3 million Hikvision/Dahua IP-camera networks across 191 countries outside China (Shodan scans, Sept 2021) found Vietnam has the largest share of any country outside China (13%, ahead of the US at 11%), with Ho Chi Minh City ranked first and Hanoi second among world cities. Hikvision devices carry facial-recognition, licence-plate and behaviour-analysis capabilities.

Attribute Decree 147/2024 to the ITIF source, not Tech Policy Press. Confirmed by the cited source: Vietnam's MIC probed TikTok in 2023 and TikTok signed an admission of wrongdoing pledging corrective action; in January 2026 Vietnam's Competition Commission fined TikTok 880 million dong (US$33,800) for violating data consent rules. Downgrade the other listed violation specifics to 'per Bloomberg reporting (not independently verified in this round)'.

Add explicit status flag: as of August 2026, there is no public confirmation of groundbreaking, site selection, or commissioning for this self-built data centre; it remains at the planning stage.